A review on the effect of Claudin-18 on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has the main manifestations of pulmonary edema in the early stage and characteristic alveolar obstruction and microvascular dysplasia in the late stage, which may be caused by structural and functional destruction of the lung epithelial barrier. The Claudin family is the main component of tight junction and plays an important role in regulating the permeability of paracellular ions and solutes. Claudin-18 is the only known tight junction protein solely expressed in the lung. The lack of Claudin-18 can lead to barrier dysfunction and impaired alveolar development, and the knockout of Claudin-18 can cause characteristic histopathological changes of BPD. This article elaborates on the important role of Claudin-18 in the development and progression of BPD from the aspects of lung epithelial permeability, alveolar development, and progenitor cell homeostasis, so as to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of BPD.

Comparison of therapeutic effect on multi‐vessel coronary disease between minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting and coronary artery bypass grafting／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To compare short‐and mid‐term therapeutic effect on aged patients with multi‐vessel coronary disease between minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods : A total of 72 patients with multi‐vessel disease , who were suitable for MIDCAB from 2016 to 2018 , were regarded as MIDCAB group .Another 96 patients with multi‐vessel disease , who were not suitable for MIDCAB , were enrolled as CABG group (received selective on‐pump CABG).Clinical data and incidence of major adverse cardio‐ and cerebrovascular events (MACCE ) within two‐year follow‐up were compared between two groups.Results : Men percentage of MIDCAB group was significantly higher than that of CABG group (83. 3% vs. 67. 7%, P＝0.022) ; compared with CABG group , there were significant reductions in percentages of left anterior descending proximal lesions (61.5% vs.34.7%) and chronic total occlusion disease (57.3% vs.34. 7%) in MID‐CAB group ( P＜0. 01 both) , there were no significant difference in other indexes between two groups , P＞ 0. 05 all.All subjects were followed up for two years , follow‐up rate was 90. 5% .There were no significant difference in incidence rates of all‐cause death and MACCE between two groups , P＞0.05 all.Conclusion : There is no signifi‐cant difference in incidence rate of short‐and mid‐term events between CABG and MIDCAB in patients with multi‐vessel coronary disease .MIDCAB is recommended for proper patients in clinic .

Comparison of therapeutic effect between PCI and CABG on multi-vessel coronary disease / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To compare short-term and midterm therapeutic effect between sirolimus-eluting stent implan-tation (SES-PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in aged patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and multi-vessel coronary disease (MVD).Methods : Aged MVD patients undergoing selective revascularization were en-rolled and divided into CABG group (n＝301) and SES-PCI group (n＝289).Major adverse cardio-and cerebrovas-cular events (MACCE) were followed up for 30d ,one ,two and five years .Logistic multi-factor regression was used to analyze independent risk factors for different therapeutic methods .Results : Compared with CABG group after 30d follow-up ,there was significant reduction in all-cause mortality (6-3% vs.2-8%) and significant rise in a sec-ond revascularization rate (RVR ,1-3% vs.8-3%) in SES-PCI group , P＜0-05 or ＜0-01 ;compared with CABG group during one ,two and five-year follow up ,there were significant reductions in all-cause mortality [one year :(11-6% vs.4-8%) ,five years :(23-3% vs.12-1%)] and incidence rate of cerebrovascular accidents [one year :(8-6% vs .3-5%) ,five years :(18-3% vs.6-9%)] ,and significant rise in incidence rate of non-fatal myocardial infarction [one year :(6-6% vs.11-8%) ,five years :(12-0% vs.24-9%)] and a second RVR [one year :(3-0%vs.16-3%) ,five years :(9-3% vs.24-6%)] in SES-PCI group , P＜0-05 or ＜0-01- Logistic multi-factor regres-sion analysis indicated that DM and EH were independent risk factors for SES-PCI (OR＝ 45-772 ,13-218 , P＝0-001 both) ,while peripheral vascular disease was independent protective factor for SES-PCI (OR＝ 0-007 , P＝0-001).Conclusion : Compared with CABG ,there are significant reductions in short-term and midterm all-cause mortality ,and significant rise in a second RVR in MVD patients undergoing PCI .

Correlation between fibrinogen level and severity of coronary stenosis in aged coronary heart disease people / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore correlation between fibrinogen(Fg)level and coronary stenotic degree in aged coronary heart disease(CHD)people and its possible pathogenesis.Methods:A total of 112 patients,who were >65 years and diag-nosed as CHD by coronary angiography(CAG),were selected as CHD group.Another 108 non-CHD patients hospitalized during the same period were enrolled as non-CHD group.According to CAG results,CHD group was divided into single vessel coronary disease group(n=30,single vessel group)and multi vessel coronary disease group(n= 82,multi vessel group).Serum levels of Fg,D-dimer(D-D),C reactive protein(CRP),homocysteine(Hcy)and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)were measured and compared between two groups.The correlation between serum Fg level and Gensini score was analyzed in CHD patients.Results:Compared with non-CHD group,there were significant rise in serum levels of Fg,D-D, triglyceride(TG),apolipoprotein B(ApoB),lipoprotein a,CRP,BNP and Hcy in CHD group,P=0.001 all;in CHD group,compared with single vessel group,there were significant rise in serum levels of Fg,D-D,ApoB,uric acid,lipo-protein a,CRP,BNP,Hcy,and significant reductions in serum levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol,ApoA1 and ApoA1/ApoB in multi vessel group,P<0.05 or <0.01. Serum Fg level was significant positively correlated with coronary stenotic degree(Gensini score),r=0.303,P=0.001. Fg was independent risk factor of CHD(OR=2.74,95% CI:1.95~3.97,P=0.001).Conclusion:Serum Fg level is significant positively correlated with coronary stenotic degree in aged CHD patients.Its mechanism of triggering atherosclerosis may be related to risk factors such as dyslipidemia,hyper-homocysteinemia and inflammations etc.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Echinostoma hortense (Digenea: Echinostomatidae)

Echinostoma hortense (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is one of the intestinal flukes with medical importance in humans. However, the mitochondrial (mt) genome of this fluke has not been known yet. The present study has determined the complete mt genome sequences of E. hortense and assessed the phylogenetic relationships with other digenean species for which the complete mt genome sequences are available in GenBank using concatenated amino acid sequences inferred from 12 protein-coding genes. The mt genome of E. hortense contained 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. The length of the mt genome of E. hortense was 14,994 bp, which was somewhat smaller than those of other trematode species. Phylogenetic analyses based on concatenated nucleotide sequence datasets for all 12 protein-coding genes using maximum parsimony (MP) method showed that E. hortense and Hypoderaeum conoideum gathered together, and they were closer to each other than to Fasciolidae and other echinostomatid trematodes. The availability of the complete mt genome sequences of E. hortense provides important genetic markers for diagnostics, population genetics, and evolutionary studies of digeneans.

Detection of malignant B lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid by using BIOMED-2 PCR / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive method for the detection of malignant B lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were considered as risk of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Nine CSF samples were collected and then centrifuged. The cell precipitate was lysed directly. The supernatant was used to detect immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement (characteristic changes of malignant B lymphocytes ) by BIOMED-2 PCR. The sensitivity of this method was compared with that of cytology defection and flow cytometry. In addition, through a series of quantity/concentration of tumor cells, the sensitivity differences caused by two sample handling methods (direct cell lysis vs traditional DNA extraction) were analyzed, and the sensitivity of direct cell lysis combined with BIOMED-2 PCR was evaluated. The results showed that the positive clonality of IgH gene rearrangement were detected by BIOMED-2 PCR in 5 cases, but the positive were detected by cytology defection/flow cytometry only in 2 cases, which indicated that the BIOMED-2 PCR assay gives a better yield. In addition, when combined with BIOMED-2 PCR, direct cell lysis produced sensitivity much higher than DNA extraction. The former can enable clonality detection from a minimum of 0.1%/20 tumor cells. It is concluded the method of direct cell lysis combined with BIOMED-2 PCR is sensitive and suitable for paucicellular CSF detection. It may aid the diagnosis of CNS involvement in patients with DLBCL.

Relationship between expression of aquaporin-1, -5 and pulmonary edema in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Aquaporin (AQP) is a group of cell membrane transporting proteins. The study was designed to investigate the changes of AQP1 and AQP5 in the lung tissue under hyperoxia and their roles in pulmonary edema.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred newborn rats were randomized into different oxygen concentrations exposure: FiO2=0.80 (Experimental group 1), FiO2=0.60 (Experimental group 2), FiO2=0.40 (Experimental group 3) and FiO2=0.21 (Air control group). Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after the beginning of experiment (10 rats each time point). The expressions of AQP1 and AQP5 were examined by Western Blot. The ratio of lung wet weight to lung dry weight (wet-to-dry weight ratio, W/D), and the protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the Air control group, the W/D ratio and the protein content in BALF in the three experiment groups increased significantly and the increased extent was positively related to the duration and the oxygen concentration of hyperoxia-exposure. The expression of AQP1 in the experimental groups began to decrease at the 3rd day and significant differences were found at the 5th and the 7th days after hyperoxia-exposure compared with that in the Air control group (P < 0.05). The AQP1 expression was restored somewhat at the 14th day after hyperoxia-exposure, but it was still lower in the Experimental groups 1 and 2 than that in the Air control group (P < 0.05). The expression of AQP5 in the experimental groups were reduced compared with that in the Air control group 3 days after hyperoxia-exposure and the decrease of AQP5 expression was associated with duration of hyperoxia-exposure. The comparison among three experimental groups showed that the decrease of AQP1 and AQP5 expressions was associated with the concentration of hyperoxia-exposure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expressions of AQP1 and AQP5 decreased in hyperoxia-induced lung injury and correlated with the severity of pulmonary edema.</p>

Expression and Regulation of Tight Junction Proteins Occludin in Alveolar Epithelia Cells in Hyperoxia Induced Chronic Lung Injury in Newborn Rats / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the change of occludin mRNA in the lung tissue under hyperoxia induced lung injury condition and their regulation of platelet-derived growth factor B(PDGFB).Methods Three hundred and twenty newborn rats were divided into 4 groups accor-ding to different oxygen concentrations(FiO2):experimental group 1(FiO2=800 mL/L),experimental group 2 (FiO2=600 mL/L),experimental group 3(FiO2=400 mL/L) and room-air control group(FiO2=210 mL/L).Rats were killed at 1st,3rd,5th,7th and 14th day respectively during the experiment,the expression of occludin was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.The expression of PDGFB in the lung tissue was also observed by immunohistochemistry.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The expressions of PDGFB in the lung tissue in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were lower than those of the control group at 1th day(Pa